Understanding Epilepsy: Causes, Symptoms & Advanced Treatments
Epilepsy is a complex neurological disorder characterized by abnormal brain activity that leads to seizures, loss of awareness, or unusual behavior and sensations. It affects people of all age groups and can result in significant physical, psychological, and social challenges if not managed properly. Fortunately, with the right diagnosis and treatment, many individuals with epilepsy lead completely normal lives.
In this comprehensive guide, Dr. Abhishek Miryala, a renowned Neurologist in Hyderabad, breaks down everything you need to know about epilepsy—its causes, symptoms, and the latest in treatment and care.
What is Epilepsy?
Epilepsy is defined as a neurological condition marked by recurrent, unprovoked seizures. These seizures are caused by sudden surges of electrical activity in the brain, which can affect how a person acts or feels for a short time.
Not all seizures mean epilepsy. A single seizure due to a high fever or injury does not imply epilepsy. A diagnosis is typically made when someone has had two or more seizures not caused by a known or reversible medical condition.
Prevalence of Epilepsy
- Affects over 50 million people worldwide
- 80% of people with epilepsy live in low- and middle-income countries
- In India, around 10 million people live with epilepsy
- Up to 70% of epilepsy patients could live seizure-free with proper diagnosis and treatment
As a leading Neurologist in Hyderabad, Dr. Abhishek Miryala emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and customized treatment planning to reduce the burden of this condition.
Causes of Epilepsy
Epilepsy can have various underlying causes. Sometimes, the cause remains unknown (idiopathic epilepsy). However, when known, causes may include:
1. Genetic Factors
Some forms of epilepsy run in families, indicating a genetic predisposition. These are often generalized epilepsies and may start in childhood.
2. Brain Trauma
Head injuries from accidents, falls, or violence can cause epilepsy, particularly in people who have had severe trauma.
3. Stroke and Vascular Diseases
Any condition that restricts blood flow to the brain may result in seizures. Stroke is a leading cause of epilepsy in people over age 65.
4. Brain Infections
Infections like meningitis, encephalitis, or neurocysticercosis can cause inflammation and lead to seizures.
5. Developmental Disorders
Conditions like autism spectrum disorder and neurofibromatosis may be linked to epilepsy.
6. Brain Tumors
Benign or malignant brain growths can cause seizures by disturbing normal brain function.
7. Prenatal Injuries
Complications during childbirth or poor prenatal care can cause brain damage, increasing the risk of epilepsy in infancy.
Common Symptoms of Epilepsy
Epilepsy symptoms can vary widely depending on the type of seizure and the part of the brain involved. Some of the most commonly observed symptoms include:
- Temporary confusion
- Uncontrollable jerking of limbs
- Loss of consciousness or awareness
- Staring spells
- Fear, anxiety, or déjà vu before seizures
As a Top Neurology Specialist in Hyderabad, Dr. Abhishek Miryala advises that if you or a loved one experiences recurring episodes of the above symptoms, it’s essential to seek a neurologic evaluation immediately.
Types of Seizures
Seizures are broadly categorized into focal and generalized types.
1. Focal Seizures
These start in one area of the brain and may or may not result in loss of consciousness.
- Focal Aware Seizures: Person remains conscious but may experience abnormal sensations or movements.
- Focal Impaired Awareness Seizures: Involves altered consciousness, confusion, or repetitive movements.
2. Generalized Seizures
These affect both sides of the brain and include:
- Tonic-Clonic Seizures (formerly grand mal): Characterized by body stiffening and jerking.
- Absence Seizures: Brief lapses in awareness, often seen in children.
- Atonic Seizures: Sudden loss of muscle control, causing falls.
- Myoclonic Seizures: Sudden brief jerks or twitches.
Correct seizure classification is crucial for effective treatment, and Dr. Abhishek Miryala, a trusted Epilepsy Specialist in Hyderabad, uses advanced diagnostic tools to identify the exact type of epilepsy.
Diagnosis of Epilepsy
Diagnosing epilepsy involves a detailed clinical assessment and diagnostic tests. At Impact Specialty Clinic, Dr. Abhishek Miryala follows a structured approach:
1. Medical History & Physical Examination
Understanding symptoms, family history, and possible triggers.
2. Electroencephalogram (EEG)
A non-invasive test to record electrical activity in the brain and identify abnormalities.
3. MRI or CT Scan
Imaging tests to detect tumors, structural abnormalities, or brain damage.
4. Blood Tests
To rule out infections, metabolic conditions, or genetic causes.
5. Video-EEG Monitoring
Combines EEG with video to capture and analyze seizure episodes more precisely.
As a Top Neurology Specialist in Hyderabad, Dr. Abhishek Miryala ensures patients receive a comprehensive evaluation to ensure accurate diagnosis and personalized care.
Advanced Treatment Options for Epilepsy
With advancements in medical science, many new and effective treatments for epilepsy are now available.
1. Medications
Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are the most common treatment. The goal is to reduce or eliminate seizures with minimal side effects. Dr. Abhishek tailors medication regimens based on the patient’s age, seizure type, and other medical conditions.
2. Surgical Treatments
If seizures are resistant to medication (refractory epilepsy), surgery may be an option. Common procedures include:
- Temporal Lobe Resection
- Corpus Callosotomy
- Lesionectomy
3. Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS)
A device implanted under the skin sends electrical impulses to the brain via the vagus nerve, reducing seizure frequency.
4. Responsive Neurostimulation (RNS)
An advanced device detects abnormal brain activity and delivers electrical stimulation to stop seizures.
5. Ketogenic Diet
A high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet has proven effective for some children with drug-resistant epilepsy.
6. Lifestyle Modifications
Avoiding triggers, getting adequate sleep, stress management, and medication adherence are vital.
At Impact Specialty Clinic, these cutting-edge treatment options are made accessible under the guidance of the Best Neurologist in Hyderabad, Dr. Abhishek Miryala.
Epilepsy in Children
Children are particularly vulnerable to epilepsy. Causes can range from genetic disorders and birth injuries to infections. The symptoms might be subtle, such as frequent daydreaming, making diagnosis difficult.
Dr. Abhishek, a Top Neurology Specialist in Hyderabad, has extensive experience managing pediatric epilepsy cases with gentle and age-appropriate interventions.
Living with Epilepsy: Support & Coping
Living with epilepsy involves more than just medical treatment. Emotional support, community awareness, and proactive care go a long way.
Tips from Dr. Abhishek Miryala:
- Maintain a seizure diary
- Take medications on time
- Avoid known triggers like flashing lights or stress
- Wear a medical alert bracelet
- Educate friends and family about seizure first aid
As a leading Epilepsy Specialist in Hyderabad, Dr. Abhishek advocates for a multidisciplinary care model that includes neurologists, counselors, dietitians, and support groups.
Why Choose Dr. Abhishek Miryala at Impact Specialty Clinic?
With years of experience and a deep understanding of neurological disorders, Dr. Abhishek Miryala is recognized as one of the Best Neurologists in Hyderabad. He is known for his compassionate care, diagnostic accuracy, and personalized treatment strategies.
At Impact Specialty Clinic, patients receive world-class neurology care in a supportive and well-equipped environment. The clinic’s holistic approach makes it one of the most trusted names for epilepsy treatment in the region.
Whether you’re seeking a second opinion, advanced diagnostics, or long-term management, the team at Impact Specialty Clinic is here to guide you every step of the way.
Patient Success Stories
Many patients have reclaimed their lives through Dr. Abhishek’s expert care:
“I had uncontrolled seizures for years. After meeting Dr. Abhishek at Impact Specialty Clinic, my treatment was adjusted, and I’ve now been seizure-free for over a year!”
— Ramesh K., Hyderabad
“My child was diagnosed with epilepsy at age 5. Dr. Abhishek explained everything so clearly and provided immense support. Today, she is active in school and thriving!”
— Sunita M., Hyderabad
These stories reflect why he is considered a Best Neurologist in Hyderabad and a top choice for families seeking help for epilepsy.
Conclusion: Don’t Let Epilepsy Define You
Epilepsy is a manageable condition with the right treatment and lifestyle. From accurate diagnosis to innovative therapies, much progress has been made to ensure patients live full and meaningful lives.
If you or your loved one is facing the challenges of epilepsy, trust the expertise of Dr. Abhishek Miryala, the Epilepsy Specialist in Hyderabad who combines knowledge, experience, and empathy to deliver exceptional neurological care.
Visit Impact Specialty Clinic today and take the first step toward a healthier, seizure-free life.
